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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
20 Million in Horn of Africa Face Starvation
</title>
<article>
<hdr>
Foreign Broadcast Information Service, February 22, 1991
20 Million in Horn of Africa Face Starvation
</hdr>
<body>
<p>[Paris AFP in English 1247 GMT 17 Feb 91]
</p>
<p> [Text] Paris, Feb 17 (AFP)--More than 20 million people in
the Horn of Africa are facing starvation this year amid
indications that the Gulf War will mean a sharp cutback in aid
donations by Western countries engaged in the conflict. Aid
organisations say the Gulf war is diverting governments'
attentions from the disaster building up in Ethiopia, Sudan and
Somalia.
</p>
<p> UNICEF Director-General James Grant sounded the alarm last
week, saying some 20 million people were at risk in the three
countries all of which are beset by a combination of recurrent
drought and multiple localised rebellions. The United Nations
World Food Programme and British organisation Oxfam are
preparing to launch this week a new drive to collect funds for
the region as they say the aid response has so far been
disappointingly low.
</p>
<p> The Horn of Africa, strategically located just opposite the
Gulf states, is directly and indirectly affected by the
conflict now entering its second month. While Ethiopia has come
out staunchly on the side of the anti-Iraq coalition, Sudan did
just the opposite and antagonised its Western aid donors in the
process. Somalia, where the government of Mohamed Siad Barre
was overthrown in January, is still in chaos as the United
Somali Congress seeks to consolidate its hold on power. The Gulf
war sympathies of the new Somali leaders are not yet known.
</p>
<p> The Ethiopians welcomed the allied military intervention to
drive Iraq out of Kuwait. Diplomats said Addis Ababa was hoping
to reap the benefits of its support to renew ties with the West
after decades of alignment with the Soviet Union. Ethiopian
Government representatives and Eritrean secessionists are due
to meet on Monday in London [as received], under the auspices
of the United States, for peace talks to end the 30-year-old
civil war in the Red Sea province, informed Western sources
said.
</p>
<p> The Ethiopian Government, which has restored diplomatic
relations with Israel, says the Eritrean People's Liberation
Front along with secessionists in neighbouring Tigray Province,
are funded and armed by Arab states including Iraq. It has also
accused Sudan of providing sanctuary to Eritrean rebels and
transit facilities for arms being channeled to the EPLF and the
Tigray People's Liberation Front.
</p>
<p> Aid workers say the Gulf war has already raised the price of
oil and created a shortage of fuel which will directly affect
distribution of relief by road convoys. Fuel is reportedly so
short in Sudan that aid workers are being forced to import fuel
for relief distribution. Sudan used to rely on subsidized
supplies from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
</p>
<p> In recent years, Sudan has been getting an increasing amount
of aid from Iraq and Libya, thereby alienating Western
governments and moderate Arab countries like Egypt. There has
been a recent exodus of aid workers who fear they could be
targets for terrorists attacks. In past years, the fighting in
southern Sudan between the government and rebels of the Sudan
People's Liberation Army (SPLA) has seriously complicated the
task of aid workers seeking to alleviate food shortages.
</p>
<p> But Western experts say the situation there is likely to get
worse in coming months because the SPLA has rejected a plan by
Khartoum for a federal Sudan with an Islamic regime in the
northern mainly Moslem region. The experts say the pressure on
John Garang, the SPLA leader to secede will probably grow if
the strongly Islamic government in Khartoum remains in power.
</p>
<p> Western aid workers say they are being forced out of Sudan
by the government in Khartoum which "only wants to deal with
Islamic organisations and the United Nations." They said
millions of Sudanese were at risk from the government's attitude
to aid groups.
</p>
<p> Reports in Britain said that of 940,000 tonnes of food
requested by Ethiopia by the World Food Programme [WFP], only
one third had been donated. In Sudan the response had been even
poorer with only 200,000 tonnes donated out of a total pledge
of 1.2 million tonnes. The United States, which the WFP hopes
will cover up to a third of Sudan's food requirements, has made
no firm pledge. A WFP official quoted by the OBSERVER newspaper
said the situation in parts of Sudan was "becoming desperate."
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>